This paper by John D. Bennett, published by the Coast Defense Study Group (February 2003), documents the 5-inch emergency naval gun batteries installed on Oahu in the immediate aftermath of the December 7, 1941 attack. With Oahu's coastal defenses severely undermanned, the Hawaiian Department commander, Lt. Gen. Delos C. Emmons, worked with the Navy to obtain obsolescent 5-inch guns and ammunition for temporary Army-operated coastal batteries. The paper covers the battery sites, armament, installation, and service history through 1943.
We gratefully acknowledge the author, John D. Bennett, and The Coast Defense Study Group, for making this work available.
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For detailed technical information on the 5-inch gun mounts used at these battery sites, see Chapter IX — Naval Gun Mounts.